What happens when you stop a GLP-1 like Wegovy or Mounjaro?
Weight regain, blood sugar, lower doses, the NHS stopping rules, the cost over years in £, and how to stop safely.
Most people regain much of the lost weight within a year of stopping a GLP-1 medicine such as semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic) or tirzepatide (Mounjaro). Blood sugar and blood pressure tend to rise again too. Stopping can still be the right choice, and on the NHS it is expected if the medicine isn't working by about 6 months. Plan it with your doctor, especially if you have diabetes.
Key facts
- Weight after stopping
- About two-thirds of the loss came back within a year in the main semaglutide trial1
- How fast
- About 0.8 kg (nearly 2 lb) a month after semaglutide or tirzepatide, on average5
- NHS stopping rule
- NICE: consider stopping semaglutide if less than 5% of starting weight is lost after 6 months15
- Lower dose instead
- Tested for tirzepatide only; kept most, not all, of the loss10
- Pregnancy plans
- Stop semaglutide at least 2 months, and tirzepatide at least 1 month, before trying, says the MHRA21
On this page
- What happens to your weight when you stop?
- What happens to blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol?
- Why does the weight come back?
- Can you take a lower dose, or taper off?
- What helps keep weight off?
- What does staying on it cost over years?
- When is stopping the right call?
- How do you stop safely?
- What if you miss doses or can't get supply?
- Questions people ask
What happens to your weight when you stop?
In trials, most people regained much of the weight they had lost within a year of stopping. On average, they did not go all the way back to where they started.
The clearest test is a one-year follow-up of the main semaglutide trial (the STEP 1 extension). It followed 327 people for a year after treatment stopped: 228 had been on semaglutide 2.4 mg and the rest on a dummy injection.1
327 people, followed for a year after treatment ended.1 For someone who started at 90 kg:
So about two-thirds of the lost weight came back. For a 90 kg (14 st 2 lb) person, that means losing about 16 kg (2 st 7 lb), then regaining about 10 kg (1 st 8 lb).1 About half the people (48%) were still at least 5% lighter than at the start.1
Weight change before and after stopping semaglutide (STEP 1)
Average change from starting weight. Lines join the 3 measured points; the real path between them was curved. Source: STEP 1 extension.1
Two more trials tested this differently. Everyone took the medicine first. Then, at random, some carried on and the rest were switched to a dummy injection without knowing. So the gap between the two groups shows what stopping does:
Everyone took it for 20 weeks, then half switched to a dummy injection for 48 weeks.2 For someone who started at 90 kg:
Everyone took it for 36 weeks, then half switched to a dummy injection for 52 weeks.3 For someone who started at 90 kg:
The kg figures are our arithmetic for one example person starting at 90 kg, using each trial's average percentages; real people varied a lot. In both trials about half the lost weight came back after switching. The trials also report regain of 6.9% (STEP 4) and 14.0% (SURMOUNT-4), but those are measured from the lower weight at the switch, so they look different.2,3
Two 2026 reviews pooled many studies. A BMJ review of 37 studies (9,341 people) found weight came back at about 0.8 kg a month after semaglutide or tirzepatide.5 It projected a return to starting weight in about 1.5 years. That is an estimate: no study of these two drugs followed people for more than a year.5
A second review estimated that 60% of the lost weight returns in the first year. It predicted regain would level off at about 75%, not 100%.6 So the two reviews disagree: one projects a full return to starting weight, the other a partial one.5,6 These are averages. In one tirzepatide analysis, 1 in 6 people regained less than a quarter of what they lost.4
What happens to blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol?
They tend to drift back towards where they were before treatment. The more weight comes back, the more they rise.
In STEP 1, blood pressure was back at its starting level a year after stopping. Average blood sugar (HbA1c, a 3-month sugar test) and cholesterol also rose again.1
In the tirzepatide trial above (SURMOUNT-4), people who regained the most saw the biggest rises. Top (systolic) blood pressure went up by 7 to 10 points, depending on how much weight came back.4 People who kept most of the weight off kept some benefits, such as lower blood fats (triglycerides).4
The BMJ review projected that all these heart and sugar markers would be back at their starting levels within about 1.4 years.5
Why does the weight come back?
The medicine was holding your appetite down. When it wears off, hunger returns, and your body also pushes to regain lost weight.
Half of each semaglutide dose is still in the body after about a week. It stays in the blood for about 5 to 7 weeks after the last injection.13 As it goes, the feeling of fullness it gave goes too.
Losing weight by any route changes your hunger hormones. In one study of dieting, these changes and stronger hunger were still there a year later.8 The body acts as if it wants the weight back.
This is why experts now call obesity a long-term (chronic) condition, like high blood pressure. The WHO calls it "a chronic, relapsing disease requiring lifelong care".9 The STEP 1 authors said their results suggest ongoing treatment is needed to keep the benefits.1
Regain is not a personal failure. The BMJ review found weight came back faster after medicines than after diet programmes alone, whatever the amount first lost.5
Can you take a lower dose, or taper off?
One good trial says a lower tirzepatide dose keeps most of the weight off. For semaglutide, and for tapering to zero, the evidence is thin.
One trial (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN) took 378 US adults who had lost weight on tirzepatide 10 or 15 mg. They were split into 3 groups for a year: full dose, 5 mg, or a dummy injection.10
378 adults.10 Everyone first lost weight on tirzepatide. Then they were split into three groups for a year: kept the full dose, dropped to a low 5 mg dose, or switched to a dummy injection. For someone who started at 90 kg:
Most people in this trial were white women.10 So results may differ for men, and for people of other ethnic backgrounds. Eli Lilly, which makes tirzepatide, paid for it.10 Staying on a medicine also means staying with its side effects. In the semaglutide trial above (STEP 4), 42% of people who continued semaglutide had stomach side effects, vs 26% on a dummy injection.2
For semaglutide, no finished trial has tested a lower maintenance dose or a slow taper. The first randomised taper trial, in China, had not started recruiting as of October 2026.11 In real life, many people already use lower doses. In one Danish GP practice, 40% of people still on semaglutide after a year took 1 mg or less.11
The WHO's 2025 guideline names "maintenance and discontinuation" as areas where long-term data are limited.9 So a taper plan is your doctor's judgement, not a proven method.
- Common: feeling sick, vomiting, diarrhoea and constipation, mostly when the dose goes up.
- Rare but serious: inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) and gallbladder problems.
- Vomiting or diarrhoea can dry you out (dehydration) and harm the kidneys.
- The US label rules it out for people with a personal or family history of a rare thyroid cancer (MTC), or with MEN2; tell your doctor if this applies.
- Not for use in pregnancy.
What helps keep weight off?
Keeping up exercise and support with eating and habits help most. Nothing yet fully replaces the medicine.
A Danish trial gave 195 people who had just lost weight a year of supervised exercise, a GLP-1 medicine (liraglutide), both, or neither. Then all treatment stopped, and 109 of them were weighed again a year later.12
- Medicine plus exercise, against the medicine alone: about 2.5 kg less regain. That difference was small enough that it could have been chance.12
- Exercise alone, against the medicine alone: the medicine-only group regained about 6 kg more.12
So exercise during treatment looks helpful, but this one small trial can't prove how much it adds once you stop the medicine.
That exercise trial used liraglutide, an older daily GLP-1, and followed 109 people.12 Protein and strength training to protect muscle are covered in Guide 8: Life on a GLP-1.
What does staying on it cost over years?
If you need it long term, the cost is long term too. On the NHS it's a prescription charge in England and free elsewhere in the UK. Privately, at the maker's list prices, 5 years of Mounjaro comes to about £11,700 at 5 mg and £21,450 at 15 mg, before VAT and the service's own charges.
These are examples, not a price list. A pen holds 4 weekly doses, so a year is 13 pens, or 13 prescription items.16,22
Medicine only. Private services set their own prices and may add consultation, delivery or programme fees.
How we worked out these figures
NHS charges are from the NHS Business Services Authority, checked 12 Oct 2026: £9.90 per item, or £114.50 for a 12-month prepayment certificate. We assume each pen is one item and that the charges stay the same.22 Our arithmetic: price × 13 pens a year (52 weekly doses).
Mounjaro list prices are the maker's prices for a 4-week supply, excluding VAT, as published by NICE.16 The Wegovy list price is from NICE's 2023 guidance; we found no newer official list price, and none for the Wegovy 7.2 mg pen or Wegovy tablets.15 The NHS pays less than list price under confidential discounts.15,16
The NHS doesn't always cover the long term. NICE recommends Wegovy for weight in specialist services for a maximum of 2 years.15 If you're paying privately and hope to move to the NHS later, you can only do that if you meet the NHS criteria at the time you're assessed.23
In one Danish GP practice, 38% had stopped semaglutide within a year, for all reasons.11 Before you start, ask whether you could afford it for years, not months. Guide 7 explains how NHS and private routes charge.
When is stopping the right call?
Stopping is a reasonable choice in several situations. A medicine that harms you, isn't working, or can't be paid for is not worth staying on. These are the common reasons.
- Side effects you can't live with, or a serious one such as pancreatitis. Guide 5 lists the warning signs.
- Planning a pregnancy. The MHRA says to stop semaglutide at least 2 months, and tirzepatide at least 1 month, before trying to get pregnant.21 Semaglutide stays in the body a long time.13 The tirzepatide label warns it may harm an unborn baby.14
- An operation or sedation. These medicines slow the stomach. Rarely, people have breathed in stomach contents during anaesthesia.13 The labels say to tell your surgeon you take one. They say there isn't enough data to know if pausing it helps.13,14
- It isn't working. See the NHS rules below.
- Cost, if paying privately is straining your budget.
- It was never the right medicine for you, for example taken to lose a few pounds before a holiday, or bought without a proper prescription. See Guide 4.
The NHS stopping rules
NICE, which sets NHS guidance in England, uses losing 5% of your starting weight as the test. For a 90 kg (14 st 2 lb) person, 5% is 4.5 kg, about 10 lb.
These rules are about whether a medicine is worth continuing. Falling short is not a personal failure, and your doctor can talk through other options.
How do you stop safely?
With your doctor, and with a plan for what comes next. Your weight, blood sugar and blood pressure will need watching for months.
Our summary of the evidence on this page, not a clinical protocol.
The MHRA's advice is not to stop your treatment without first discussing it with your doctor.21 If you get it privately, NHS advice is that your private provider is the one to advise you on stopping or tapering safely.23
If you have diabetes, stopping can push your HbA1c (a blood test of your average sugar over about 3 months) up.7 Your doctor may need to add or change another sugar medicine. Don't just stop and wait to see.
Keep the habits you built: regular exercise and the eating patterns that worked. They give you the best chance of holding on to some of the loss.12
What if you miss doses or can't get supply?
A short gap is usually fine. After a longer gap, ask your doctor before restarting, because you may need to restart on a lower dose.
Semaglutide (UK Wegovy label): take a missed dose within 5 days of the missed dose. After that, skip it and take the next one on your usual day. If more doses are missed, the label says a lower restarting dose should be considered.19
Tirzepatide (UK Mounjaro label): take a missed dose within 4 days of the missed dose. After that, skip it and take the next one on your usual day.20 The label gives no rule for restarting after a long gap. Ask your doctor what dose to restart on.
Questions people ask
Will all the weight come back if I stop?
Not always all of it. In the main semaglutide trial (STEP 1), people regained about two-thirds of the lost weight in the year after stopping, and ended 5.6% below their starting weight on average.1 Results vary a lot between people.4
Will the NHS stop my prescription?
It may. NICE says to consider stopping semaglutide if you've lost less than 5% of your starting weight after 6 months, and for tirzepatide to decide whether to carry on. Wegovy for weight in a specialist service is recommended for up to 2 years.15,16
Can I stop and start again later?
Many people do, but plan it with your doctor. After missed doses, the UK Wegovy label says a lower restarting dose should be considered.19
Is it safe to just stop suddenly?
In the trials, people stopped all at once. What followed was a slow return of weight, blood sugar and blood pressure.1,5 If you have diabetes, you need a sugar plan first.
Can I take a lower dose instead of stopping?
For tirzepatide, one trial (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN) found a 5 mg dose kept most of the loss, though less than the full dose.10 For semaglutide, there's no finished trial yet.11
How long before pregnancy should I stop?
At least 2 months for semaglutide and at least 1 month for tirzepatide, says the MHRA. Plan this with your doctor.21
Before you move on
- Most people regain much of the weight within a year of stopping.
- Blood sugar and blood pressure tend to rise again too.
- The NHS test is 5% of your starting weight at about 6 months.
- A lower dose is tested for tirzepatide only; tapering is unproven.
- Paying privately at list price, 5 years can cost over £10,000.
- Stop with your doctor; if diabetic, have a sugar plan first.
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Sources
- Wilding JPH et al. Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: the STEP 1 trial extension. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2022;24(8):1553–64. doi:10.1111/dom.14725
- Rubino D et al. Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight loss maintenance (STEP 4). JAMA, 2021;325(14):1414–25. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3224
- Aronne LJ et al. Continued treatment with tirzepatide for maintenance of weight reduction in adults with obesity (SURMOUNT-4). JAMA, 2024;331(1):38–48. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24945
- Horn DB et al. Cardiometabolic parameter change by weight regain on tirzepatide withdrawal: a post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-4. JAMA Internal Medicine, 2026;186(2):157–67. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.6112
- West S et al. Weight regain after cessation of medication for weight management: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 7 January 2026. doi:10.1136/bmj-2025-085304
- Budini B et al. Trajectory of weight regain after cessation of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and nonlinear meta-regression. eClinicalMedicine, 2026;93:103796. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.103796
- Tzang CC et al. Metabolic rebound after GLP-1 receptor agonist discontinuation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. eClinicalMedicine, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103680
- Sumithran P et al. Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss. NEJM, 2011;365:1597–604. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1105816 (a diet study, not a GLP-1 study)
- Celletti F, Farrar J, De Regil L. World Health Organization guideline on the use and indications of GLP-1 therapies for the treatment of obesity in adults (December 2025). JAMA, 2026. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.24288
- Horn DB et al. Tirzepatide for maintenance of bodyweight reduction in people with obesity in the USA (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN). The Lancet, 2026. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00656-2. Funded by Eli Lilly.
- Skandov MD et al. Real-world use of semaglutide for weight management: dose titration, discontinuation patterns and weight changes. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2026. doi:10.1111/dom.71092; and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07783854 (semaglutide dose-tapering trial, not yet recruiting, checked 5 Oct 2026).
- Jensen SBK et al. Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, GLP-1 receptor agonist, or both combined followed by one year without treatment. eClinicalMedicine, 2024;69:102475. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102475
- Novo Nordisk. Wegovy (semaglutide) US prescribing information, revised June 2026: sections 5.10 (anaesthesia), 8.3 (pregnancy planning), 12.3 (half-life). PDF
- Eli Lilly. Mounjaro (tirzepatide) US prescribing information, revised August 2026: 5.9 (anaesthesia), 8.1 (pregnancy). PDF
- NICE. Semaglutide for managing overweight and obesity (TA875), March 2023: recommendations 1.1 ("a maximum of 2 years… within a specialist weight management service") and 1.2 ("Consider stopping semaglutide if less than 5% of the initial weight has been lost after 6 months of treatment"); sections 2.3–2.4 (list price per pack of 4 doses, excluding VAT: 2.4 mg £175.80; NHS discount "commercial in confidence"). Declared interests: some invited clinical experts declare fees or grants from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly (NICE's own register of interests for this appraisal). Link
- NICE. Tirzepatide for managing overweight and obesity (TA1026), December 2024: recommendation 1.2; section 2.3, list prices "for a 4-week supply" excluding VAT: "£133.00 for 2.5 mg, £180.00 for 5 mg, £255.00 for 7.5 mg and 10 mg, £330.00 for 12.5 mg and 15 mg"; section 2.4 (confidential NHS discount). Link
- NICE. Overweight and obesity management (NG246), Table 1 (stopping rules for weight-management medicines). Updated 8 January 2026. Link
- Novo Nordisk. Saxenda: UK summary of product characteristics, section 4.2. Electronic Medicines Compendium (emc), revised November 2025. Link
- Novo Nordisk. Wegovy FlexTouch: UK summary of product characteristics, section 4.2 (missed dose: "If more doses are missed, reducing the starting dose for re-initiation should be considered"). emc, revised September 2026. Link
- Eli Lilly. Mounjaro KwikPen: UK summary of product characteristics, section 4.2 (missed doses). emc, revised 29 August 2026. Link
- MHRA. GLP-1 medicines for weight loss and diabetes: what you need to know (stopping before pregnancy: semaglutide "At least 2 months", tirzepatide "At least 1 month"; Mounjaro and oral contraception; "do not stop your treatment without first discussing this with your doctor"). Updated 5 February 2026. Link
- NHS Business Services Authority: prescription charge and prepayment certificate (£9.90 per item; £114.50 for 12 months) and medical exemption certificates ("diabetes mellitus, except where treatment is by diet alone"); free prescriptions: NHS inform (Scotland), Welsh Government, nidirect (Northern Ireland). Checked 12 October 2026.
- NHS North East and North Cumbria. Weight loss drugs: information for patients ("they may be able to access the medication through an NHS prescription if they meet the NHS qualifying criteria"; "only your private healthcare provider can advise you on safely stopping or tapering the medication"). Checked 12 October 2026. Link
- Diabetes UK. Our response to serious supply issues of drugs for people living with type 2 diabetes ("At the end of January in 2025 it was reported that the shortages of GLP-1 medications had been resolved"). Updated 20 October 2025. Link
- MHRA Drug Safety Update. Falsified Mounjaro (tirzepatide) KwikPen 15mg pre-filled pens. 24 February 2026. Link
Last checked 12 Oct 2026 · Next review due Jan 2027 · Report an error
How this guide was made. Written by the GLP Guidebook team from the sources above: published trials, UK and US product information, NICE guidance, NHS pages and regulator notices. We publish list prices only, never a seller's price. It's general information, not medical advice. Talk to a qualified doctor or pharmacist before starting, stopping or changing any medicine. How we write